D. Carpenter and G. A. Krause, “Transactional Authority and Bureaucratic Politics,” Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 5–25, Jan. 2015, doi: 10.1093/jopart/muu012. 

Formal authority in bureaucratic politics defines the official limits or parameters that both shape and constrain the action of the principal and agent, respectively. The nature of authority in political–agency relations has broader normative implications for bureaucratic accountability in a representative democracy. As these parameters become “loosened,” greater weight is given to expert judgment vis-à-vis popular will.